“Grace to the Mother - For the Garden - Where all love ends”: The Image of Woman in T. S. Eliot’s Later Poetry
الملخص
T. S. Eliot is known to have been a defender of culture and order which he feared were being destroyed by waves of sensual and material values. Hence, his constant yearning to create a higher mode of life governed by beauty and virtue, which could only be achieved through a rigorous discipline. Eliot’s search for a way out of the waste land becomes visible in his later poetry which addresses the essential features for a peaceful and blessed existence. Woman in Eliot’s later poetry acts as an agent of love and life, approaching if not identified with Virgin Mary and Dante’s Beatrice; the two being symbols of beauty and virtue-qualities of what Eliot terms as the rose garden. The study traces the image of woman in Eliot’s later poetry in relation to the concept of the rose garden which stands for a stable society and a serene life, governed by ethical values.
المراجع
1. Blamires, H. (1969). Word unheard: A Guide through Eliot’s Four Quartets. London: Methuen.
2. Dale, A. S. (1988). T. S. Eliot: The Philosopher-Poet. Illinois: Harold Shaw.
3. Duncan-Jones, E. E. (1973). Ash Wednesday. In S. Sullivan (Ed.), Critics on T. S. Eliot (pp. 37-56). London: George Allen & Unwin.
4. Eliot, T. S. (1974). Collected poems: 1909-1962. London: Faber and Faber.
5. Elyot, T., Sr. (1962). The Book named the governor. London: Dent.
6. Feder, L. (1971). Ancient myth in modern poetry. Princeton: Princeton UP.
7. Ford, B. (Ed.). (1961). The Modern age. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
8. Frye, N. (1978). Ash Wednesday (1963). In B. C. Southam (Ed.), T. S. Eliot: ‘Prufrock’, ‘Gerontion’, ‘Ash Wednesday’ and other short poems: A Casebook. London: Macmillan.
9. Gardner, H. (1968). The Art of T. S. Eliot. London: Faber & Faber.
10. Jha, B. K. (1996). Modern English classical poetry with special reference to T. E. Hulme, Ezra Pound, W. B. Yeats and T. S. Eliot. New Delhi: Mittal.
11. Lair, R. L. (1968). Barron’s simplified approach to T. S. Eliot. New York: Barron’s Educational Series.
12. Matthiessen, F. O. (1958). The Achievement of T. S. Eliot: An Essay on the nature of poetry. New York: Oxford UP.
13. Maxwell, D. E. S. (1952). The Poetry of T. S. Eliot. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
14. Moody, A. D. (1979). Thomas Sterns Eliot: Poet. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
15. Mundra, S. C. (1999). Modern English poetry: A study of the poems of 1. W. B. Yeats: 2. T. S. Eliot: 3. W. H. Auden. Bareilly: Prakash.
16. Pinto, V.S. (1951). Crisis in English poetry: 1880-1940. London: Hutchinson.
17. Quinn, Maire A. (1982). T. S. Eliot: Four Quartets. Essex: Longman.
18. Read, H. (1967). T. S. E. – A Memoir. In A. Tate (Ed.), T. S. Eliot: The Man and his work (pp. 31-57). London: Chatto & Windus.
19. Scofield, M. (1988). T. S. Eliot: The poems. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
20. Smith, S. (1982). Inviolable voices: History and 20th century poetry. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan.
21. Smith, G. (1973). The Ariel poems. In S. Sullivan (Ed.), Critics on T. S. Eliot. London: George Allen & Unwin.
22. Wagner, R. D. (1954) The Meaning of Eliot’s Rose-Garden. PMLA, 69(1), 22-33.
23. Ward, D. (1973). T. S. Eliot between two worlds: A Reading of T. S. Eliot’s poetry and plays. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
24. Williamson, G. (1955). A Reader’s guide to T. S. Eliot: A Poem-by-Poem analysis. London: Thames & Hudson.