خطط التحسين المدرسي في الأدبيات التربوية
(مراجعة منهجية في ضوء السياق التعليمي السعودي)
الكلمات المفتاحية:
الدعم الإشرافي، التحليل الببليومتري، الاتساق البنيوي، تحليل المحتوى النوعي
الملخص
هدفَت هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل المعرفة العلمية المتعلقة بخطط التحسين المدرسي والكشف عن العوامل المؤثرة في فاعلية تصميمها وتنفيذها في ضوء الأدبيات التربوية العالمية، وذلك من خلال مراجعة منهجية تجمع بين التحليل الببليومتري وتحليل المحتوى النوعي. واعتمدت الدراسة على استرجاع (78) دراسة منشورة خلال الفترة (2000–2025) من قاعدة بيانات Scopus وفق معايير اشتمال واستبعاد محددة، حيث استُخدمت جميع الدراسات في التحليل الببليومتري للكلمات المفتاحية باستخدام برنامج VOSviewer، في حين اقتصر تحليل المحتوى النوعي على (26) دراسة متاحة بالنص الكامل. وتوصلت النتائج إلى أن فاعلية خطط التحسين المدرسي ترتبط بدرجة الاتساق البنيوي بين مكوّناتها الأساسية، وبالاعتماد المنهجي على تحليل فجوات الأداء، وصياغة أهداف قابلة للقياس، وربطها بمؤشرات أداء واضحة، إلى جانب وجود آليات متابعة منتظمة. كما أظهرت النتائج أن جودة التنفيذ تتأثر بعدد من العوامل المحورية، من أبرزها القيادة المدرسية التشاركية، والجاهزية التنظيمية، والاستخدام الفاعل للبيانات التعليمية، والتطوير المهني المرتبط بالخطة، وأطر المساءلة. وكشف التحليل الببليومتري عن خمس مجموعات مفاهيمية رئيسة تمثلت في البيانات والتقويم، والقيادة المدرسية، والتطوير المهني، والتنظيم المدرسي، والسياسات والمساءلة. وخلصت الدراسة إلى أن التحسين المدرسي الفعّال يتطلب خطط تحسين محكمة البنية، مبنية على البيانات، قابلة للقياس، وخاضعة للمراجعة المستمرة بما يدعم استدامة التحسين داخل المدرسة.
المراجع
1. الدكر ومتولي (2023). برمجيات رسم الخرائط الببليومترية والسيانتومترية والتصور العلمي: دراسة تقويمية مقارنة. المجلة العلمية للمكتبات والوثائق والمعلومات، 5(13.1)، 6–62.
2. . الرشيدي، غازي عنيزان. (2021). أسلوب تحليل المحتوى النوعي: رؤية تحليلية. مجلة كلية التربية في العلوم التربوية، 45(1)، 79–114.
3. هيئة تقويم التعليم والتدريب. (2023). منظومة الاعتماد المدرسي في التعليم العام. الرياض.
4. وزارة التعليم. (2024). النموذج الإشرافي في ضوء تمكين المدرسة. الرياض: وزارة التعليم، وكالة التعليم العام.
5. Hattie, J. (2021). Visible learning. A synthesis of over 800 metaanaly.
6. Harris, A., Adams, D., Jones, M. S., & Muniandy, V. (2015). System effectiveness and improvement: The importance of theory and context. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 26(1), 1-3.
7. Datnow, A., & Hubbard, L. (2016). Teacher capacity for and beliefs about data-driven decision making: A literature review of international research. Journal of Educational Change, 17(1), 7-28.
8. Schildkamp, K. (2019). Data-based decision-making for school improvement: Research insights and gaps. Educational research, 61(3), 257-273.
9. Leithwood, K., Harris, A., & Hopkins, D. (2020). Seven strong claims about successful school leadership revisited. School leadership & management, 40(1), 5-22.
10. Indicators, O. E. C. D. (2023). Education at a Glance 2022. link]. Acesso em março de.
11. Carney, S. (2022). Reimagining our futures together: a new social contract for education: by UNESCO, Paris, UNESCO, 2021, 186 pages, ISBN 978-92-3-100478-0.
12. Fullan, M. (2020). The nature of leadership is changing. European Journal of Education, 55(2), 139-142.
13. Schildkamp, K., & Kuiper, W. (2010). Data-informed curriculum reform: Which data, what purposes, and promoting and hindering factors. Teaching and teacher education, 26(3), 482-496.
14. Mandinach, E. B., & Gummer, E. S. (2016). Data literacy for educators: Making it count in teacher preparation and practice. Teachers College Press.
15. Fullan, M. (2023). The principal 2.0: Three keys to maximizing impact. John Wiley & Sons.
16. Hallinger, P., & Heck, R. H. (2011). Exploring the journey of school improvement: Classifying and analyzing patterns of change in school improvement processes and learning outcomes. School effectiveness and school improvement, 22(1), 1-27.
17. Opfer, V. D., & Pedder, D. (2011). Conceptualizing teacher professional learning. Review of educational research, 81(3), 376-407.
18. Datnow, A., & Park, V. (2018). Professional collaboration with purpose: Teacher learning towards equitable and excellent schools. Routledge.
19. Schildkamp, K., & Poortman, C. (2015). Factors influencing the functioning of data teams. Teachers college record, 117(4), 1-42.
20. Hallinger, P., & Kovačević, J. (2019). A bibliometric review of research on educational administration: Science mapping the literature, 1960 to 2018. Review of Educational Research, 89(3), 335-369.
21. Van Eck, N., & Waltman, L. (2010). Software survey: VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. scientometrics, 84(2), 523-538.
22. Mongeon, P., & Paul-Hus, A. (2016). The journal coverage of Web of Science and Scopus: a comparative analysis. Scientometrics, 106(1), 213-228.
23. Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Bmj, 339.
24. Chigarev, B. (2024). Keyword Co-Occurrence Analysis Using the FPGrowth Algorithm. An Example of Energies Journal Bibliometric Data for 2023-2024.
25. Schildkamp, K., & Visscher, A. (2010). The use of performance feedback in school improvement in Louisiana. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26(7), 1389-1403.
26. López, V., Ahumada, L., Galdames, S., & Madrid, R. (2012). School principals at their lonely work: Recording workday practices through ESM logs. Computers & Education, 58(1), 413-422.
27. Dunaway, D. M., Bird, J. J., Wang, C., & Hancock, D. (2014).Superintendents’ perceptions of the school improvement planning process in the southeastern USA. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 42(4), 460-473.
28. Van Der Voort, G., & Wood, L. (2016). An action-learning model to assist circuit teams to support school management teams towards whole-school development. South African Journal of Education, 36(4), 1-11.
29. Higham, R., & Booth, T. (2018). Reinterpreting the authority of heads: Making space for values-led school improvement with the Index for Inclusion. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 46(1), 140-157.
30. Tahir, L. M., Ping, C. S., Atan, N., Ali, M., & Yusof, S. M. (2021). Evaluating the practice of ICT-based e-leadership: The experiences of private-based secondary teachers. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 16(23), 74-85.
31. O’Brien, S., McNamara, G., O’Hara, J., Brown, M., & Skerritt, C. (2022). Students as co-researchers in a school self-evaluation process. Improving Schools, 25(1), 83-96.
32. Ólafsdóttir, B., Jónasson, J. T., & Sigurðardóttir, A. K. (2022). Use and impact of external evaluation feedback in schools. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 74, 101181.
33. VanGronigen, B. A., Meyers, C. V., Adjei, R. A., Marianno, L., & Charris, L. (2023). The design and characteristics of school improvement plan templates. AERA Open, 9, 23328584231168378.
34. Hasbi, S., Hanim, Z., & Husain, S. B. (2023). The implementation optimization of school development plan in flood disaster mitigation policy in tropical rainforest (Case study at state junior high school 5 Samarinda). Social sciences & humanities open, 7(1), 100440.
35. Viano, S., Shahrokhi, F., & Hunter, S. B. (2024, October). Improvement science and school leadership: the precarious path to dynamic school improvement. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 9, p. 1371664). Frontiers Media SA.
36. Abbas, M., Sarwar, M., Amjad, A. I., Hamedani, S. S., & Aslam, S. (2025). Enhancing school improvement competencies through In-Service training: The impact on educational managers in Punjab. Environment and Social Psychology, 10(7), 3862.
37. Nezhad, P. M., & Stolz, S. A. (2025). The interplay of context and need: unravelling the interwoven threads of teachers’ professional learning/development. The Australian Educational Researcher, 52(2), 1315-1343.
38. Athanatou, M., Prendes Espinosa, M. P., & Gutierrez Porlan, I. (2023). Data-Driven Decision Making as a Model to Improve in Primary Education. Journal of Education and e-Learning Research, 10(1), 36-42.
39. Schildkamp, K. (2019). Data-based decision-making for school improvement: Research insights and gaps. Educational research, 61(3), 257-273.
40. Carvalho, M., Cabral, I., Verdasca, J., & Alves, J. (2022). Strategic action plans for school improvement: An exploratory study about quality indicators for schools’ plan evaluation. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 13(1), 143-163.
41. Narayanan, M., & McCluskey, M. S. (2025). Signifying improvement: Reform symbols as discursive practice in school improvement plans. Educational Administration Quarterly, 0013161X251319215.
42. Phebeni, N. M. Exploring the influence of collaborative leadership on the effectiveness of school improvement initiatives in Eswatini high schools. International Journal of Educational Management and Development Studies, 6(2), 125-142.
43. Coker, D. C. (2022). Playing Charades: Failures, Fads, and Follies of School Improvement Plans. Education Leadership Review, 23(1), 75-104.
44. Brown, C., Schildkamp, K., & Hubers, M. D. (2017). Combining the best of two worlds: A conceptual proposal for evidence-informed school improvement. Educational research, 59(2), 154-172.
45. Gayonhay, B. J. A. (2025). School heads and teachers’ practices on school performance. International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research, 7(3).
46. Escobar, I. H. G. (2019). School improvement plans, a tool to improve the quality of education. New trends and issues proceedings on humanities and social sciences, 6(1), 440-450.
47. Dunaway, D. M., Kim, D. H., & Szad, E. R. (2012, April). Perceptions of the purpose and value of the school improvement plan process. In The Educational Forum (Vol. 76, No. 2, pp. 158-173). Taylor & Francis Group.
48. Meyers, C. V., & Hitt, D. H. (2018). Planning for school turnaround in the United States: an analysis of the quality of principal-developed quick wins. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 29(3), 362-382.
49. Meyers, C. V., & VanGronigen, B. A. (2019). A lack of authentic school improvement plan development: Evidence of principal satisficing behavior. Journal of Educational Administration, 57(3), 261-278.
50. Nicdao, M. F., & Ancho, I. V. (2020). Practices of the stakeholders’ involvement in the formulation of school improvement plan. Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies, 219-246.
51. Fullan, M. (2016). The new meaning of educational change (5th ed.). Teachers College Press.
52. Hargreaves, A., & Ainscow, M. (2015). The top and bottom of leadership and change. Phi Delta Kappan, 97(3), 42-48.
2. . الرشيدي، غازي عنيزان. (2021). أسلوب تحليل المحتوى النوعي: رؤية تحليلية. مجلة كلية التربية في العلوم التربوية، 45(1)، 79–114.
3. هيئة تقويم التعليم والتدريب. (2023). منظومة الاعتماد المدرسي في التعليم العام. الرياض.
4. وزارة التعليم. (2024). النموذج الإشرافي في ضوء تمكين المدرسة. الرياض: وزارة التعليم، وكالة التعليم العام.
5. Hattie, J. (2021). Visible learning. A synthesis of over 800 metaanaly.
6. Harris, A., Adams, D., Jones, M. S., & Muniandy, V. (2015). System effectiveness and improvement: The importance of theory and context. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 26(1), 1-3.
7. Datnow, A., & Hubbard, L. (2016). Teacher capacity for and beliefs about data-driven decision making: A literature review of international research. Journal of Educational Change, 17(1), 7-28.
8. Schildkamp, K. (2019). Data-based decision-making for school improvement: Research insights and gaps. Educational research, 61(3), 257-273.
9. Leithwood, K., Harris, A., & Hopkins, D. (2020). Seven strong claims about successful school leadership revisited. School leadership & management, 40(1), 5-22.
10. Indicators, O. E. C. D. (2023). Education at a Glance 2022. link]. Acesso em março de.
11. Carney, S. (2022). Reimagining our futures together: a new social contract for education: by UNESCO, Paris, UNESCO, 2021, 186 pages, ISBN 978-92-3-100478-0.
12. Fullan, M. (2020). The nature of leadership is changing. European Journal of Education, 55(2), 139-142.
13. Schildkamp, K., & Kuiper, W. (2010). Data-informed curriculum reform: Which data, what purposes, and promoting and hindering factors. Teaching and teacher education, 26(3), 482-496.
14. Mandinach, E. B., & Gummer, E. S. (2016). Data literacy for educators: Making it count in teacher preparation and practice. Teachers College Press.
15. Fullan, M. (2023). The principal 2.0: Three keys to maximizing impact. John Wiley & Sons.
16. Hallinger, P., & Heck, R. H. (2011). Exploring the journey of school improvement: Classifying and analyzing patterns of change in school improvement processes and learning outcomes. School effectiveness and school improvement, 22(1), 1-27.
17. Opfer, V. D., & Pedder, D. (2011). Conceptualizing teacher professional learning. Review of educational research, 81(3), 376-407.
18. Datnow, A., & Park, V. (2018). Professional collaboration with purpose: Teacher learning towards equitable and excellent schools. Routledge.
19. Schildkamp, K., & Poortman, C. (2015). Factors influencing the functioning of data teams. Teachers college record, 117(4), 1-42.
20. Hallinger, P., & Kovačević, J. (2019). A bibliometric review of research on educational administration: Science mapping the literature, 1960 to 2018. Review of Educational Research, 89(3), 335-369.
21. Van Eck, N., & Waltman, L. (2010). Software survey: VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. scientometrics, 84(2), 523-538.
22. Mongeon, P., & Paul-Hus, A. (2016). The journal coverage of Web of Science and Scopus: a comparative analysis. Scientometrics, 106(1), 213-228.
23. Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Bmj, 339.
24. Chigarev, B. (2024). Keyword Co-Occurrence Analysis Using the FPGrowth Algorithm. An Example of Energies Journal Bibliometric Data for 2023-2024.
25. Schildkamp, K., & Visscher, A. (2010). The use of performance feedback in school improvement in Louisiana. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26(7), 1389-1403.
26. López, V., Ahumada, L., Galdames, S., & Madrid, R. (2012). School principals at their lonely work: Recording workday practices through ESM logs. Computers & Education, 58(1), 413-422.
27. Dunaway, D. M., Bird, J. J., Wang, C., & Hancock, D. (2014).Superintendents’ perceptions of the school improvement planning process in the southeastern USA. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 42(4), 460-473.
28. Van Der Voort, G., & Wood, L. (2016). An action-learning model to assist circuit teams to support school management teams towards whole-school development. South African Journal of Education, 36(4), 1-11.
29. Higham, R., & Booth, T. (2018). Reinterpreting the authority of heads: Making space for values-led school improvement with the Index for Inclusion. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 46(1), 140-157.
30. Tahir, L. M., Ping, C. S., Atan, N., Ali, M., & Yusof, S. M. (2021). Evaluating the practice of ICT-based e-leadership: The experiences of private-based secondary teachers. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 16(23), 74-85.
31. O’Brien, S., McNamara, G., O’Hara, J., Brown, M., & Skerritt, C. (2022). Students as co-researchers in a school self-evaluation process. Improving Schools, 25(1), 83-96.
32. Ólafsdóttir, B., Jónasson, J. T., & Sigurðardóttir, A. K. (2022). Use and impact of external evaluation feedback in schools. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 74, 101181.
33. VanGronigen, B. A., Meyers, C. V., Adjei, R. A., Marianno, L., & Charris, L. (2023). The design and characteristics of school improvement plan templates. AERA Open, 9, 23328584231168378.
34. Hasbi, S., Hanim, Z., & Husain, S. B. (2023). The implementation optimization of school development plan in flood disaster mitigation policy in tropical rainforest (Case study at state junior high school 5 Samarinda). Social sciences & humanities open, 7(1), 100440.
35. Viano, S., Shahrokhi, F., & Hunter, S. B. (2024, October). Improvement science and school leadership: the precarious path to dynamic school improvement. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 9, p. 1371664). Frontiers Media SA.
36. Abbas, M., Sarwar, M., Amjad, A. I., Hamedani, S. S., & Aslam, S. (2025). Enhancing school improvement competencies through In-Service training: The impact on educational managers in Punjab. Environment and Social Psychology, 10(7), 3862.
37. Nezhad, P. M., & Stolz, S. A. (2025). The interplay of context and need: unravelling the interwoven threads of teachers’ professional learning/development. The Australian Educational Researcher, 52(2), 1315-1343.
38. Athanatou, M., Prendes Espinosa, M. P., & Gutierrez Porlan, I. (2023). Data-Driven Decision Making as a Model to Improve in Primary Education. Journal of Education and e-Learning Research, 10(1), 36-42.
39. Schildkamp, K. (2019). Data-based decision-making for school improvement: Research insights and gaps. Educational research, 61(3), 257-273.
40. Carvalho, M., Cabral, I., Verdasca, J., & Alves, J. (2022). Strategic action plans for school improvement: An exploratory study about quality indicators for schools’ plan evaluation. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 13(1), 143-163.
41. Narayanan, M., & McCluskey, M. S. (2025). Signifying improvement: Reform symbols as discursive practice in school improvement plans. Educational Administration Quarterly, 0013161X251319215.
42. Phebeni, N. M. Exploring the influence of collaborative leadership on the effectiveness of school improvement initiatives in Eswatini high schools. International Journal of Educational Management and Development Studies, 6(2), 125-142.
43. Coker, D. C. (2022). Playing Charades: Failures, Fads, and Follies of School Improvement Plans. Education Leadership Review, 23(1), 75-104.
44. Brown, C., Schildkamp, K., & Hubers, M. D. (2017). Combining the best of two worlds: A conceptual proposal for evidence-informed school improvement. Educational research, 59(2), 154-172.
45. Gayonhay, B. J. A. (2025). School heads and teachers’ practices on school performance. International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research, 7(3).
46. Escobar, I. H. G. (2019). School improvement plans, a tool to improve the quality of education. New trends and issues proceedings on humanities and social sciences, 6(1), 440-450.
47. Dunaway, D. M., Kim, D. H., & Szad, E. R. (2012, April). Perceptions of the purpose and value of the school improvement plan process. In The Educational Forum (Vol. 76, No. 2, pp. 158-173). Taylor & Francis Group.
48. Meyers, C. V., & Hitt, D. H. (2018). Planning for school turnaround in the United States: an analysis of the quality of principal-developed quick wins. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 29(3), 362-382.
49. Meyers, C. V., & VanGronigen, B. A. (2019). A lack of authentic school improvement plan development: Evidence of principal satisficing behavior. Journal of Educational Administration, 57(3), 261-278.
50. Nicdao, M. F., & Ancho, I. V. (2020). Practices of the stakeholders’ involvement in the formulation of school improvement plan. Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies, 219-246.
51. Fullan, M. (2016). The new meaning of educational change (5th ed.). Teachers College Press.
52. Hargreaves, A., & Ainscow, M. (2015). The top and bottom of leadership and change. Phi Delta Kappan, 97(3), 42-48.
منشور
2026-01-23
كيفية الاقتباس
أ. فيصل بن غزاي المقاطي, د. عمر بن حامد السليماني, & د. عواض بن محمد القرشي. (2026). خطط التحسين المدرسي في الأدبيات التربوية: (مراجعة منهجية في ضوء السياق التعليمي السعودي). Journal of Arts, Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, (128), 93-113. https://doi.org/10.33193/JALHSS.128.2026.1618
إصدار
القسم
المقالات
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2026 أ. فيصل بن غزاي المقاطي , د. عمر بن حامد السليماني , د. عواض بن محمد القرشي
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