فاعلية برنامج تدريبي قائم على تدريب المحاولات المنفصلة في تطوير مهارات التواصل لدى الأطفال ذوي اضطراب طيف التوحد
الكلمات المفتاحية:
تدريب المحاولات المنفصلة، مهارات التواصل، الأطفال ذوي اضطراب طيف التوحد
الملخص
سعت الدراسة الحالية إلى تقييم تدريب المحاولات المنفصلة لزيادة مهارات التواصل غير اللفظي لدى الأطفال الذين يعانون من اضطراب طيف التوحد. ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم إعداد برنامج تدريبي قائم على استراتيجية تدريب المحاولات المنفصلة، وتم تطوير مقياس لقدرات التواصل غير اللفظي. 26 طفلاً مصابًا باضطراب طيف التوحد تم مشاركتهم في الدراسة، تراوحت أعمارهم بين 6 إلى 11 عامًا. تم توزيعهم إلى مجموعتين (تجريبية = 13 وضابطة = 13). وقد توصلت النتائج إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (0.005) بين أداء المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة على مقياس مهارات الاتصال غير اللفظي ترجع إلى فاعلية برنامج تدريب المحاولات المنفصلة لصالح المجموعة التجريبية. كما أشارت النتائج إلى عدم وجود فروق لدى المجموعة التجريبية في مرحلتي الاختبار البعدي والمتابعة. وتوصي الدراسة بضرورة تطبيق استراتيجية تدريب المحاولات المنفصلة لتعليم مهارات التواصل غير اللفظي للأطفال ذوي اضطراب طيف التوحد، ومساعدتهم على تعميمها في بيئات مختلفة.
المراجع
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12. Hallahan, D., Kauffman, J., & Pullen, P. (2012). exceptional learners: an introduction to special education, (12ed.), Boston, Ma: Allyn & Bacon.
13. Lerman, D.C., Valentino, A. L., & LeBlanc, L. A. (2016). Discrete Trial Training. 47–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30925-5_3
14. Lovaas, O. (2003). Teaching individual with developmental delays: basic intervention techniques. Austin, Texas: Ported.
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16. Nord, D. K., Stancliffe, R. J., Nye-Lengerman, K., & Hewitt, A. S. (2016). Employment in the community for people with and without autism: a comparative analysis. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 24(1), 11–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2015.12.013.
17. Rabideau, L. K., Stanton-Chapman, T. L., & Brown, T. S. (2018). Discrete Trial Training to Teach Alternative Communication: A Step-By-Step Guide. Young Exceptional Children, 21(1), 34-47. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096250615621357
18. Smith T., Eikeseth S. (2011). O. Ivar Lovaas: Pioneer of applied behavior analysis and intervention for children with autism. Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, 41, 375-378.
19. Smith, T. (2001). Discrete trial training in the treatment of autism. Focus on autism and developmental disabilities, 16,86–92.
20. The National Autistic Society. (2012). Early support for children, young people, and families. Retrieved from: / - www.ncb.org.uk/earlysupport / in 9/29/2014/HYPERLINK
21. Tsiouri, L., Simmons, E. & Paul, R. (2012). Enhancing the application and evaluation of a discreet trail intervention package for eliciting first words in pre-verbal preschoolers with ASD. Autism Development Disorder, 42,1281-1293.
22. Turner, Lynn (2011). A comparison of discrete trial training and embedded instruction on the promotion of response maintenance of coin counting skills for middle school students with intellectual disabilities (Master thesis). the Ohio state university, USA.
23. Unlu, E. & Vurna, S. (2012). Case study: training a mother of the child with autism on how to provide discreet trail teaching internationally. Journal of early childhood special education, 4,95-103. World Health Organization-WHO (2023). Autism. Retrived from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/autism-spectrum-disorders?gad_source=1&gclid=CjcB
2. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic And Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. In American Psychiatric Publishing (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203772287-23
3. Anwar, A., Sutadi, R., & Miranda , C. . (2022). Development of Discrete Trial Training (DTT) Procedure in Smart Applied Behavior Analysis (Smart ABA) for Autism. Journal of Psychology and Behavior Studies, 2(1), 63–77. https://doi.org/10.32996/jpbs.2022.2.1.7
4. Bogin,J., Sulivan L, Rogers, S. & Stabel, A. (2010, Sept.). “Discreet trail training: steps for implementation”. Development center on autism spectrum disorder. Retrieved from http://www.ebookinga.com/pdf.
5. Bravo, A., Schwartz, I. (2022). Teaching Imitation to Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Discrete Trial Training and Contingent Imitation. J Dev Phys Disabil 34, 655–672 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10882-021-09819-4
6. Cardinal, J. R., Gabrielsen, T. P., Young, E. L., Hansen, B. D., Kellems, R.,H., & Knorr, J. (2017). Discrete trial teaching interventions for students with autism: Web-based video modeling for paraprofessionals. Journal of Special Education Technology.
7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-CDC (2023). Prevalence and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years — Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. US Department of Health and Human Services. Surveillance Summaries / Vol. 72 / No. 2 https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/ss/pdfs/ss7202a1-H.pdf
8. Conrad B., Hillman, Dorothea C. Lerman, L. (2021). Discrete-trial training performance of behavior interventionists with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic replication and extension. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 54,374–38.
9. Downs, A., Downs, R., Fossum, M., and Rau, K. (2008). The effectiveness of discrete trial teaching with preschool students with developmental disabilities. Education and training in developmental disabilities, 43, 443–453.
10. Ekeseth, S., Smith, T., Jahr, E. & Eldivik, A. (2007). Outcome for children with autism who began intensive behavioral treatment between ages 4-7: a comparison controlled study. Behavior modification, 31:264-278.
11. Emre, U., Sezgin, V. & Halil, I. (2018). Effectiveness of Discrete Trial Training Program for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. International Journal of Progressive Education, v14 n3 p12-31. 10.29329/ijpe.2018.146.2
12. Hallahan, D., Kauffman, J., & Pullen, P. (2012). exceptional learners: an introduction to special education, (12ed.), Boston, Ma: Allyn & Bacon.
13. Lerman, D.C., Valentino, A. L., & LeBlanc, L. A. (2016). Discrete Trial Training. 47–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30925-5_3
14. Lovaas, O. (2003). Teaching individual with developmental delays: basic intervention techniques. Austin, Texas: Ported.
15. National Autism Center. (2015). Evidence-based practice and autism in the schools: An educator's guide to providing appropriate interventions to students with an autism spectrum disorder.
16. Nord, D. K., Stancliffe, R. J., Nye-Lengerman, K., & Hewitt, A. S. (2016). Employment in the community for people with and without autism: a comparative analysis. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 24(1), 11–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2015.12.013.
17. Rabideau, L. K., Stanton-Chapman, T. L., & Brown, T. S. (2018). Discrete Trial Training to Teach Alternative Communication: A Step-By-Step Guide. Young Exceptional Children, 21(1), 34-47. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096250615621357
18. Smith T., Eikeseth S. (2011). O. Ivar Lovaas: Pioneer of applied behavior analysis and intervention for children with autism. Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, 41, 375-378.
19. Smith, T. (2001). Discrete trial training in the treatment of autism. Focus on autism and developmental disabilities, 16,86–92.
20. The National Autistic Society. (2012). Early support for children, young people, and families. Retrieved from: / - www.ncb.org.uk/earlysupport / in 9/29/2014/HYPERLINK
21. Tsiouri, L., Simmons, E. & Paul, R. (2012). Enhancing the application and evaluation of a discreet trail intervention package for eliciting first words in pre-verbal preschoolers with ASD. Autism Development Disorder, 42,1281-1293.
22. Turner, Lynn (2011). A comparison of discrete trial training and embedded instruction on the promotion of response maintenance of coin counting skills for middle school students with intellectual disabilities (Master thesis). the Ohio state university, USA.
23. Unlu, E. & Vurna, S. (2012). Case study: training a mother of the child with autism on how to provide discreet trail teaching internationally. Journal of early childhood special education, 4,95-103. World Health Organization-WHO (2023). Autism. Retrived from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/autism-spectrum-disorders?gad_source=1&gclid=CjcB
منشور
2024-05-17
كيفية الاقتباس
محمد أكرم حمدان. (2024). فاعلية برنامج تدريبي قائم على تدريب المحاولات المنفصلة في تطوير مهارات التواصل لدى الأطفال ذوي اضطراب طيف التوحد. Journal of Arts, Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, (105), 54-66. https://doi.org/10.33193/JALHSS.105.2024.1096
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